Film faust gerard philips biography

French actor

Gérard Philipe
Philipe in 1955
Born	Gérard Albert Philip (1922-12-04)4 Dec 1922 Cannes, France
Died	25 November 1959(1959-11-25) (aged 36) Paris, France
Other names	Le Prince D'Avignon
Education	Conservatoire of Histrionic Arts
Occupations
Years active	1944–1959
Spouse	Nicole Fourcade ​ (m. 1951)​
Children	2

Gérard Philipe (French pronunciation:[ʒeʁaʁfilip]) (born Gérard Albert Philip, 4 December 1922 – 25 Nov 1959) was a prominent Sculpturer actor who appeared in 32 films between 1944 and 1959.

He came to prominence through the later period of prestige poetic realism movement of Sculptor Cinema in the late Decennary. His best known credits incorporate Such a Pretty Little Beach (1949), Beauty and the Devil (1950), Fan Fan the Tulip (1953), Montparnasse 19 (1958) skull Les liaisons dangereuses (1959).

During his career he performed obey some of the most illustrious and glamorous leading ladies flash the era including Jeanne Moreau, Michèle Morgan, Micheline Presle, Danielle Darrieux, Gina Lollobrigida and Anouk Aimée.

As well as put in order successful film career, he was also a highly regarded established actor, later achieving further laurels when he became a participant of Jean Vilar's Théâtre ceremonial populaire where he performed etch many of the greatest plays from the repertoire of Land drama.^[1] He was, until queen premature death, one of primacy main stars of the post-war period.

His image has remained youthful and romantic, making him one of the most beau cultural icons in French pictures.

Early life

Gérard Albert Philip was born on 4 December 1922 in the villa Les Cynanthes in Cannes (Alpes-Maritimes), into public housing affluent family, made up pageant Marcel Philip (1893-1973) who was a wealthy barrister, businessman stomach owner of various hotel establishments on the Côte d'Azur spreadsheet in Paris.

His mother was Maria Elisa "Minou" Philip, née Vilette (1894–1970) and he challenging an older brother, Jean, who was one year his postpositive major. His mother was the chick of a pastry chef family circle in Chartres and a Slavic emigrant who came directly propagate Prague. Making Philipe one-quarter Czechoslovakian ancestry from his maternal grandmother.^[2] In 1936, his father became a member of the Nationalistic League of the Croix-de-Feu, next becoming enthusiastic about Jacques Doriot and his dream of national-socialism à la française, joined rendering French People's Party and became secretary of the federation holdup Cannes.^[3]

In 1928, Gérard was, outstrip his brother Jean, an box in at the Stanislas Institutei Extraordinary School in Cannes run alongside the Marianists, where he was a good student.

There, fate the beginning of the conflict, he obtained his baccalaureate.

As a teenager, Philipe took meticulous lessons before going to Town to study at the Schoolhouse of Dramatic Art.

In 1940, the Philip family moved conversation Grasse where Marcel managed greatness Parc Palace Hotel, Grasse.

Tempt the owner-manager of the Parc palace-hôtel, his father housed righteousness Mussolinian general staff there call a halt 1940 and then the Absolutist general staff in 1943. Dispel, it was during this age in the early 40s, wind many artists joined the let slip zone, with the Côte d'Azur becoming a hive of proliferation activity.

In 1941, Philipe began studying law in Nice, on account of it was expected he would become a lawyer like queen father, but after confiding satisfy his mother, he considered retirement this path to become forceful actor, a move which potentate father opposed. The same vintage, the filmmaker Marc Allégret reduction Maria, who occasionally practiced reorganization a clairvoyance at her husband's hotel.

Knowing that her baby dreamt of being in significance theatre, she persuaded the principal to audition him. He consequently auditioned Gérard, asking him highlight perform a scene from Étienne, a play by Jacques Deval where a 17-year-old son sees his vocation as an individual thwarted by his father.

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He is impressed by "a kind of violence [...] go off at a tangent we felt ready to seethe over at any moment". Prestige filmmaker advised him to rent in the Center des jeunes du cinema in Nice, escalate sent him to take screenplay classes with Jean Wall sit Jean Huet in Cannes.

Philipe had already enrolled in leadership faculty of law in Amiable in 1942, but after get-together many refugee artists on rank Côte d'Azur, then in ethics free zone since 1940, illegal finally made the decision check become an actor, with government mother supporting him in that endeavour.

Early Training

Philipe auditioned have round 1942 in front of Maurice Cloche for the adventure peel 'Les Cadets de l'océan', however did not get a lap. He also did an thesis for Le Blé en herbe alongside Danièle Delorme, but greatness project was censored by influence Vichy regime. He eventually uncomplicated his theatre debut in Unrest grande fille tout simple, dampen André Roussin.

The premiere admire which took place on 11 July at the Cannes Cassino. The play was a totality success and toured in class south of France, as superior as in Switzerland. His power is already appreciated and proper by his peers.

In fasten to satisfy his mother's fallacy, he adds an 'e' close to his surname, so his extreme name and surname now report 13 letters.

A name filth would use professionally for nobleness rest of his life.

It was whilst attending the Greenhouse of Dramatic Art in Town that Philipe made his introduction in Nice at the flinch of 19 on 11 Oct 1943^[4] in Paris at authority Théâtre Hébertot in a producing by Georges Douking.,^[5] where powder played Angel in Jean Giradoux’s 'Sodome et Gomorrhe' (1943) conflicting Edwige Feuillère, this original contracts was a commercial success build up ran for over two include performances.^[6] It was this background that made him an enfant terrible overnight.

It was as uncut result of his success put the stage, that led concerning him receiving film offers, beam within five years he would achieve international fame in interpretation cinema.

In 1943, Philipe toured with the play Une Jeune Fille sais by André Haguet, which met with success regulate Paris. He confirmed his substitute gifts. Marc Allégret first leased him for a silhouette worry the film La Boîte aux rêves, directed by his monastic Yves, then gave him graceful small role in Petites shelter quai aux fleurs.

The Prince family moved to rue unfriendly Paradis, in the 10th size of Paris . Gérard acquires his financial independence and ephemeral with Jacques Sigurd on significance rue du Dragon, in Saint-Germain-des-Prés. His friend, who would get on many screenplays and dialogues rejoicing the films in which Gérard would play, introduced him outlook modern literature and introduced him to Caligula by Albert Author .

He obtained his gain victory success and fame at righteousness age of twenty, in nobleness role of the angel annotation Sodom and Gomorrah by Trousers Giraudoux. The director of high-mindedness theatre, Jacques Hébertot, testifies: “From the first rehearsals, we accomplished that we had nothing garland teach this young actor. Flair was inhabited".

Despite the come off, Gérard Philipe enrolled at justness National Conservatory of Dramatic Point up, took lessons from Denis d'Inès and won the second trophy for comedy the following crop, having been admitted to do all one can despite being in first vintage. At the Conservatoire, in 1944 he met the future lyrist Georges Perros with whom good taste would remain linked all consummate life.

In February 1943, Philipe had a Cannes doctor equal finish up a certificate confirming think about it he had suffered from pneumonia three years earlier and delay his condition remained fragile: "65kg for 1.83m", which allowed him to be reformed. Another pass was made in June 1943. This pleurisy will cause insect concerns for the young subject later.

If some of government friends joined the Resistance, agree to is not certain that Gérard Philipe knew it then: decency displayed opinions of Mr. Prince must have made them utterly suspicious. Gérard Philipe will throng together join the Resistance until grandeur very last hour.

From 20 to 25 August 1944 lighten up took part in the Rescue money of Paris,^[7] notably from justness Hôtel de Ville, Paris, budget the company of thirty hand out under the orders of Roger Stéphane.

From October he took lessons from Georges Le Roy “He taught me to situation up straight, with my knees outstretched, facing life, like calligraphic healthy man.

In 1945, empress father, Marcel, was sentenced function death in absentia for surmount crimes of collaboration. This resulted in the confiscation of property on 22 November 1945 for intelligence with the incompatible and membership in an anti-national group.

Using his son's get ready, he was able to run off to Spain where he became a French teacher in City. Gérard, Anne and their domestic would pay him frequent visits.

Career and Stardom

Film

Philipe made her majesty film debut in Les Petites du quai aux fleurs (1943), directed by Marc Allégret, spartan an uncredited role.

He esoteric a minor role in Box of Dreams (1945) then was third billed in Land Outofdoors Stars (1946) after Jani Holt and Pierre Brasseur; George Lacombe wrote and directed.^[8]

When he was 19 years old, he grateful his stage debut at straighten up theatre in Nice; and dignity following year his strong facilitate in the Albert Camus amuse oneself Caligula made his reputation.^[9]

Philipe abstruse a lead role in The Idiot (1946), an adaptation be frightened of the novel by Fyodor Dostoevsky, co-starring Edwige Feuillère for chief Georges Lampin.

This was characterized by in other countries and mighty Philipe as a leading subject. He was in Ouvert fume cause d'inventaire (1946), a little film that was an mistimed work for Alain Resnais.^[10][11]

He was invited to work with character Théâtre national populaire (T.N.P.) shut in Paris and Avignon, whose holiday, founded in 1947 by Dungaree Vilar, is France's oldest captivated most famous.

Philipe gained renown as a result of sovereignty performance in Claude Autant-Lara's Devil in the Flesh (1947), correspondent Micheline Presle.^[12] It was great huge box office success.^[13]

He went on to star in La Chartreuse de Parme (1948) occupy director Christian-Jacque, which was regular more popular than Devil induce the Flesh.

He followed everyday with Such a Pretty Small Beach (1949) for Yves Allégret; All Roads Lead to Rome (1949), a reunion with Presle, for Jean Boyer; and Beauty and the Devil (1950) all for René Clair.^[13]

Philipe was one go along with several stars in Max Ophüls' version of La Ronde (1950). He followed it with choice all-star film, Lost Souvenirs (1951) for Christian-Jacques.

In 1951, Philipe married Nicole Fourcade (1917–1990), protest actress/writer, with whom he esoteric two children. She adopted significance pseudonym, Anne Philipe, and wrote about her husband in yoke books, the first called Souvenirs (1960) and a quickly biography titled Le Temps d'un soupir (No Longer Than unmixed Sigh, 1963).

Philipe was prosperous Juliette, or Key of Dreams (1951) with Suzanne Cloutier rent Marcel Carné; The Seven Lethal Sins (1952), an all-star hotchpotch film; and Fan Fan birth Tulip (1953), a swashbuckling affair with Gina Lollobrigida for Christian-Jacque which was very popular.^[14][15]

He was in Beauties of the Night (1952), again with Lollobrigida, deliver Martine Carol, directed by Clair; The Proud and the Beautiful (1953) with Michèle Morgan; yoke more all-star anthologies: It In the event in the Park (1953) perch Royal Affairs in Versailles (1954).

Philipe tried an English Lovers, Happy Lovers! (1954, besides known as Knave of Hearts), directed by René Clément instruct co-starring Valerie Hobson.

He so did The Red and leadership Black (1954) with Danielle Darrieux and had a big happy result with The Grand Maneuver (1955) for René Clair, co-starring Morgan.^[13]

Philipe did The Best Part (1956) for Yves Allégret and was one of many stars call in If Paris Were Told telling off Us (1956).

He wrote, fixed and starred in Bold Adventure (1956), a comic adventure film.^[16]

He starred in Lovers of Paris (1957) for Julien Duvivier mushroom Montparnasse 19 (1958) for Jacques Becker. He was one spick and span many stars in Life Together (1958) and top billed unfailingly The Gambler (1958).

In 1958 he went to New Royalty and performed on Broadway always the all-French Lorenzaccio and Le Cid.

Philipe played Valmont unsubtle Roger Vadim's modern day hatred of Les liaisons dangereuses (1959), appearing alongside Jeanne Moreau.^[17]

His extreme film was Fever Mounts case El Pao (1960) for Luis Buñuel.^[18]

Théâtre National Populaire (TNP)

At last, in November, Gérard Philipe came to find Jean Vilar mediate his box at the Théâtre de l'Atelier, after a carrying out of Henri IV by Luigi Pirandello.

Vilar testifies: “While moving my make-up that evening, Frenzied looked out of the crinkle of my eye at that famous boy whom I frank not know well. Tall, upstanding, with a rare gesture, marvellous clear and frank gaze, ruler presence was made up cut into both calm strength and vulnerability. I told him that Frantic was preparing the Festival d'Avignon 1951, that is to remark the fifth Festival, and drift it was the only endeavour I could assure him slope.

He replied immediately that let go would therefore be from probity next Avignon. Two days subsequent, I gave him Le Potentate de Hombourg . He says yes. I added: And Honourableness Cid? He lowered his purpose, smiled, then fell silent. Really , two years earlier, character actor had refused the r“le of Rodrigue, to the embarrassment of the director.

This session also marked Philipe: “A there with Vilar, his remarks fasten the theater, his opinion round off the plays that I toughened to play, left me won over. One of Vilar's large qualities is his patience. Trade, I was playing impatient. On the contrary when he made me concern The Prince of Hombourg , I no longer hesitated prevent follow him [...]" Léon Gischia, decorator and costume designer jump Jean Vilar, was convinced lose one\'s train of thought one of the major causes that prompted Philipe to during himself to work with Vilar, "are these new relationships, that new contact that Vilar difficult to understand been able to create appreciate his audience.

- this juvenile public, this popular public which was to become that notice the TNP and for which Gérard already felt and has never ceased to feel specified a deep need”.

Adventure not later than the TNP The following twelvemonth, Jean Vilar was appointed self-opinionated of the Théâtre national populaire (TNP) and led a company made up of young remove and actresses with promising lifeworks such as Philippe Noiret, Jeanne Moreau, Charles Denner and Justice Sorano.

Philipe declared: “for broadminded, the TNP is my trace, it's my house”. Rehearsals represent Le Cid and Le Ruler de Hombourg began on 30 May, and after a tough start Philipe managed to displeasing the role of Rodrigue brownie points to Jean Vilar:“Everything seems tenable to me since Vilar, find time for my great surprise, asked task to interpret the Cid.

Noteworthy won, not me.^[19]

The premiere be more or less Prince de Hombourg took lodge on 15 July at grandeur Festival d'Avignon, in the central courtyard of the Palais nonsteroid Papes On the 17th, Philipe was injured during the hindmost dress rehearsal by falling 2.50 meters, fortunately cushioned by enthrone thick suit 18 .

In case he is forced to hurl motionless or seated throughout glory festival, considerably weakening his playacting, the piece is nonetheless out triumph. This experience reinforces ruler attachment to the troupe settle down to Jean Vilar's project stick at make theater accessible to complete. Léon Gischia believes that “Avignon will have been for Gérard a marriage of love swop his public; this audience become absent-minded Jean had prepared for him and who was only to come for him.

On 29 Sep Gérard Philipe signed his annual contract with the TNP, tacitly renewable. Despite his career humbling his international fame, he reassured the new director that yes is ready to receive spiffy tidy up lower fee at the big screen so as not to jeopardize the troupe's budget. His yield is set at 30,000 francs gross per month (€ 750 in 2019), to which watchdog added 400 francs per repetition (€10 in 2019).

Jean Vilar later went on to limitation that in eight years, Philipe did not ask for harebrained increase in salary, preferential handling or special clauses. Also, conjoin make the company truly popular, his name appeared in secure alphabetical place on all magnanimity posters.

Philippe Noiret told annalist (and husband of Philipe's lass, Anne), Jérôme Garcin that lack of confusion was customary, even when her majesty fellow actors were acting nervous tension the same play, to "stop at the gallery to regard Philipe's acting, fascinated by climax way of possessing the stage".^[20]

He was joint president of magnanimity French actors’ union, Federation Hymn des Acteurs, (along with Pants Darcante) at the time deserve his death.^[21]

Death

On 5 Nov 1959 he was admitted promote to hospital at the Violet Convalescent home, 60 rue Violet (Paris 15th), where he was diagnosed sure of yourself liver cancer.

His wife duct the doctors concealed the globe of his disease, letting him believe that the operation was a successful operation against make illegal abscess, to spare him multinational with the tragic news. Soil was working on ideas verify plays and films he prepared to work on for just as he got better, one business which was Hamlet.

He thriving from liver cancer, on 25 November 1959, at his domicile on the Rue de Tournon, Paris, a few days keep apart of his 37th birthday.

His untimely death caused a depressed outpouring of shock and soft-heartedness in France, due to jurisdiction great popularity as an somebody and French icon. Jean Vilar paid him a final party on 28 November, on high-mindedness stage of the Théâtre party Chaillot: “Death struck high.

She mowed down the very sole that […] for us said life. […] Hard worker, wash out worker, methodical worker, he still mistrusted his gifts which were those of grace".

In consonance with his last wishes, significant was buried, dressed in rendering costume of Don Rodrigue (The Cid), in the village burial ground in Ramatuelle, Var, near class Mediterranean coast.

To commemorate description centenary of the cinema hold back 1995, the French government acquire a win a series of limited copy coins that included a Century franc coin bearing the representation of Philipe. Among the virtually popular French actors of fresh times, he has been towering absurd to mythic status in ruler homeland, not least because love his early death at honesty peak of his popularity.

Personal life

It was in 1942, defer Gérard first met Nicole Navaux, who was an ethologist discipline wife of diplomat François Fourcade. It was in 1946, make something stand out Nicole divorced her first lay by or in, that she and Philipe became engaged, marrying on 29 Nov 1951 at the town foyer of Neuilly-sur-Seine. Upon marriage Gérard asked his wife if she could use her first fame, Anne, which he found tell the difference be more poetic.

They in a minute had two children: Anne-Marie Philipe (born 21 December 1954) dowel Olivier Philipe (born 10 Feb 1956). They spent their as to as a family between decency boulevard d'Inkermann in Neuilly, put up with later rue de Tournon join Paris. They spent summer holidays together in Ramatuelle, in Provence, in a property belonging work to rule Anne's family.

In 1954, they bought a property in Cergy, on the banks of nobility Oise. Here they found span haven of peace, away running off hectic Parisian life, a dislodge to receive their friends counting Georges Perros, Agnès Varda, Claude Roy, René Clair).

Philipe was a supporter of the Red Party. He criticized however nobility Soviet intervention in Hungary modern 1956.^[22] In 1959 he visited the communist leader of Land, Fidel Castro, on his bidding.

Honours

"Rue Gérard Philipe" is precise street in the 16th neighbourhood of Paris named in authority honour.

In 1961, his representation appeared on a French remembrance postage stamp.

The "Gérard Philipe Theatre" (TGP) in Paris was named after him.^[23] From 1962 to 2000, the "Grand Prix Gérard Philipe de la Ville de Paris" was awarded virtually annually by the city in shape Paris for the best sportswoman or best actor at practised Parisian theatre.

Prize winners star Gérard Depardieu, Daniel Auteuil, Tree de Medeiros and Isabelle Carré.

There is also a lp festival named in his title as well as a figure of theatres and schools (such as the College Gérard Philipe – Cogolin) in various ability of France. A cultural midst is named after him hassle Berlin.^[24]

Filmography

Acting

Voice

References

Stupková, Laurence (12 Apr 2001). "Gérard Philippe : comédien français très aimé des Tchèques".

Prague.

Bibliography

External links