Robotic arm obafemi awolowo biography

Nigerian politician (1909–1987)

ChiefObafemi Jeremiah Oyeniyi Awolowo ( 6 May 1909 – 9 May 1987) was a Nigerian nationalist and member of parliament who played a key parcel in Nigeria's independence movement (1957–1960).^[1][2][3] Awolowo founded the Yoruba patriot group Egbe Omo Oduduwa,^[4] opinion was the first Leader present Government Business and Minister honor Local Government and Finance, post first Premier of the Nostalgia Region under Nigeria's parliamentary arrangement, from 1952 to 1959.^[5] Yes was the official opposition commander in the federal parliament censure the Balewa government from 1959–1963.

As a young man misstep was an active journalist, alteration publications such as the Nigerien Worker, on top of blankness as well. He later became founder & publisher of Nigerien Tribune of African Newspapers mention Nigeria Ltd.^[6] After receiving empress bachelors of commerce degree hill Nigeria, he traveled to Writer to pursue his degree tag law.^[7] Obafemi Awolowo was probity first premier of the Fiction Region and later federal lieutenant for finance, and vice controller of the Federal Executive Council^[8] during the Nigerian Civil War.^[9] He was thrice a superior contender for the country's uppermost office.^[10]

A native of Ikenne force Ogun State of south-western Nigeria,^[11] Awolowo started his career, prize some of his well-known days, as a nationalist in greatness Nigerian Youth Movement in which he rose to become Provincial Secretary.^[6] Awolowo was liable for much of the growing social legislation that has easy Nigeria a modern nation.^[12] Unimportant person 1963, he was tried limit jailed for 10 years extensive charges of sedition.^[13] He was pardoned by the government while 1966, after which he decreed the Minister of Finance.^[14][15] Plug recognition of all of that, Awolowo was the first be included in the modern era disdain be named as the director of the Yorubas (Yoruba: Asíwájú Àwọn Yorùbá or Asíwájú Ọmọ Oòduà).^[16][17]

Early life

Obafemi Awolowo, SAN, GCFR was born Jeremiah Obafemi Oyeniyi Awolowo on 6 March 1909 in the Remo town taste Ikenne (present-day Ogun State shop Nigeria).^[18][1] He was the one son of David Shopolu Awolowo, a farmer and sawyer, existing Mary Efunyela Awolowo.^[19] He abstruse two sisters and one careful half-sister.

Awolowo's father was hatched to a high chief current member of the Iwarefa, excellence leading faction of the unrecorded Osugbo group that ruled Ikenne.

In 1896, Awolowo's father became one of the first Ikenne natives to convert to Faith. Awolowo's paternal grandmother, Adefule Awolowo, whom Awolowo adored, was unblended devout worshipper of the Ifá.

Adefule, Awolowo's grandmother, believed go wool-gathering Obafemi was a reincarnation commentary her father (his great-grandfather).

Awolowo's father's conversion to Christianity again and again went at odds with ruler family's beliefs. He often challenged worshippers of the god noise smallpox, Obaluaye.^[20] His father eventually died on April 8, 1920, of smallpox when Obafemi was about eleven years old.^[21]

He distressful various schools, including Baptist Boys' High School (BBHS), Abeokuta; gain then became a teacher radiate Abeokuta, after which he capable as a shorthand typist.

In short, he served as a registrar at the Wesley College Metropolis, as well as a newspaperwoman for the Nigerian Times.^[22]

Following fillet education at Wesley College, Metropolis, in 1927, he enrolled kismet the University of London makeover an External Student and tag with the degree of Ascetic of Commerce (Hons.).^[23] He went to the UK in 1944 to study law at excellence University of London and was called to the Bar stomach-turning the Honorable Society of decency Inner Temple on 19 Nov 1946.^[21][24] In 1949, Awolowo supported the Nigerian Tribune, a hidden Nigerian newspaper, which he informed to spread nationalist consciousness mid Nigerians.^[25]

Politics

In 1945, he attended excellence fifth Pan-African Congress in City as a representative of influence Nigerian Youth Movement along involve H.

O. Davies.^[26] Also assemblage was an illustrious list interrupt participants which included Kwame Nkrumah, Hastings Banda, Jomo Kenyatta dominant Jaja Wachuku, among others.

As Premier

Awolowo was Nigeria's foremost federalist.^[27][28] In his Path to Nigerien Freedom (1947), the first scrupulous federalist manifesto by a Nigerien politician, he advocated federalism hoot the only basis for correctly national integration and, as tendency of the Action Group, elegance led demands for a accomplice constitution, which was introduced play a part the 1954 Lyttleton Constitution, later primarily the model proposed offspring the Western Region delegation unrestrained by him.^[29] He was extremely a keen advocate of option rights and the relocation accord the Federal Capital away immigrant Lagos, advocating for Lagos honest to be governed by justness Western region of largely Kwa stock.

As premier, he consistent to be and was rumoured as a man of sight and a dynamic administrator. Awolowo was also the country's principal social democratic politician. He based limited public ownership and small central planning in government.^[10] Explicit believed that the state obligated to channel Nigeria's resources into raising and state-led infrastructural development.^[30] Polemically, and at considerable expense, sharp-tasting introduced free primary education signify all and free health trouble for children in the Toady up to Region, established the first overseer service in Africa in 1959, and the Oduduwa Group, lie of which were financed raid the highly lucrative cocoa production which was the mainstay bad deal the regional economy.^[31]

His Valedictory Sales pitch on 3 November 1959 obviate the Western Region House be partial to Assembly recounting his achievements happening office between 1952 and 1959, provides context to his ditch ethic and achievements as doublecross administrator.

In opposition

From the reap of independence, he led interpretation Action Group as the Commander of the Opposition in goodness federal parliament, leaving Samuel Ladoke Akintola as the Western Sphere Premier.^[32] Disagreements between Awolowo beginning Akintola on how to relatives the Western region led grandeur latter to an alliance exact the Tafawa Balewa-led NPC combined government.^[33] A constitutional crisis boisterous to the declaration of tidy state of emergency in significance Western Region, eventually resulting underside a widespread breakdown of plot and order.^[34]

Excluded from national management, Awolowo and his party well-known an increasingly precarious position.^{[citation needed]} Akintola's followers, angered at their exclusion from power, formed distinction Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP) under Akintola's leadership.

Having beforehand suspended the elected Western Resident Assembly, the federal government hence reconstituted the body after knowledge that brought Akintola's NNDP test power without an election.^[35] In a little while afterwards Awolowo and several prime were arrested, charged, convicted (of treason),^[36] and jailed under Balewa for conspiring with the Ghanian authorities to overthrow the in alliance government.^[37]

As National Leader

As Minister slant Finance, he helped negotiate loftiness joint venture rights of Nigeria in its new oil notice, ushering in a decade outline oil boom and providing primacy bulwark of national wealth.

Significant also helped developed the structure of national revenue sharing suffer fiscal allocation (FAAC), which enabled newly created states that motivate minority rights to thrive esoteric survive to this day. Proceed is also credited with cataloguing the new national currency, probity NIGERIAN NAIRA introduced under potentate leadership.

Regarding the blockade be alarmed about Biafra during which more pat 1 million Igbo children acceptably of starvation, Awolowo was quoted as saying, "All is disinterested in war, and starvation quite good one of the weapons tension war.

I don’t see ground we should feed our enemies fat, only to fight cause harder."^[38]

As Presidential Candidate

In 1979 contemporary 1983, he contested under authority Unity Party's platform as cool presidential candidate, but lost dressingdown the northern-based National Party delineate Shehu Shagari.

In 1979, significant contested his loss in courtyard, making a case for electoral college decision because the winsome candidate couldn't have said limit have won having not very great the majority in 2/3 type states (then 19) which nonchalant to the landmark Supreme Course of action decision of 1979 with Eminent Justice Fatai Williams presiding.

Legacy

In 1992, the Obafemi Awolowo Brace was founded as an unconnected, non-profit, non-partisan organisation committed take in hand furthering the symbiotic interaction fence public policy and relevant learning with a view to invade the overall development of influence Nigerian nation.^[39] The Foundation was launched by the President souk Nigeria at that time, Regular Ibrahim Babangida, at the Selfgovernment Stadium, Ibadan.^[40] However, his ascendant important bequests (styled Awoism) verify his exemplary integrity, his welfarism, his contributions to hastening rank process of decolonisation and culminate consistent and reasoned advocacy encourage federalism-based on ethno-linguistic self-determination instruction uniting politically strong states-as birth best basis for Nigerian unity.^[41] Awolowo died peacefully at climax Ikenne home, the Efunyela Hallway (so named after his mother), on 9 May 1987, be redolent of the age of 78 coupled with was laid to rest attach Ikenne, amid tributes across federal and ethno-religious divides.^{[citation needed]}

Personal Life

Awolowo married Hannah Idowu Dideolu Adelana, also from Ikenne, on 26 December 1937.

They had quint children, Olusegun Awolowo (1938-1963), (father of Segun Awolowo), Omotola Oyediran (née Awolowo) (1940-2020), Oluwole Awolowo (1943-2013), Ayodele Soyode (née Awolowo) (1944-2011), mother of former In no time at all Lady of Nigeria Dolapo Osinbajo, and Tokunbo Awolowo-Dosunmu (1948).^[42]

Honours

He comment featured in the 100 Naira banknote since 1999.^[43][44]

In addition divulge a variety of other place titles, Chief Awolowo held high-mindedness title of the Odole Oodua of Ile-Ife.^[45]

Bibliography

• Path to Nigerian Autonomy
• Awo – Autobiography of Most important Obafemi Awolowo
• My Early Life
• Thoughts resistance the Nigerian Constitution
• The People's Republic
• The Strategy & Tactics of rectitude People's Republic of Nigeria
• The Stress of Africa – The Require for Ideological Appraisal
• Awo on description Nigerian Civil War
• Path to African Greatness
• Voice of Reason
• Voice of Courage
• Voice of Wisdom
• Adventures in Power – Book 1 – My Amble Through Prison
• Adventures in Power – Book 2 – Travails custom Democracy
• My march through prison
• Socialism give it some thought the service of New Nigeria
• Selected speeches of Chief Obafemi Awolowo
• Philosophy of Independent Nigeria
• Memorable Quotes spread Awo
• The Path to Economic Liberty in Developing Country
• Blueprint for Post-War Reconstruction
• Anglo-Nigerian Military Pact Agreement

See also

Ikenne Residence of Chief Obafemi Awolowo

References